ELSS vs PPF vs NPS Calculator
Compare the growth potential, lock-in duration, and tax treatments of India's most popular tax-saving investment routes side-by-side.
Note: Under Section 80C, maximum deduction is capped at ₹1,50,000. NPS offers an extra ₹50,000 deduction under 80CCD(1B).
Maturity Comparison
Wealth Growth Projections
Key Parameters Comparison
| Parameter | ELSS | PPF | NPS |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lock-in Period | 3 Years (Shortest) | 15 Years | Till Age 60 |
| Historical Returns | 12% - 15% (Market-linked) | 7.1% (Guaranteed) | 9% - 11% (Market-linked) |
| Tax Treatment | EEE-ish (LTCG taxable at 12.5% over ₹1.25L) | EEE (100% Tax-Free) | EET (60% Lump sum tax-free, 40% taxable annuity) |
| Risk Factor | High (Equity risk) | Zero (Sovereign guarantee) | Moderate (Hybrid Equity/Debt) |
Frequently Asked Questions
Which is better between ELSS, PPF, and NPS for tax saving?
It depends on your risk appetite and goals. ELSS offers the shortest lock-in (3 years) and equity exposure. PPF offers sovereign safety and tax-free interest. NPS offers structured retirement funding with an additional ₹50,000 deduction slot.
What is the EEE status in tax planning?
EEE (Exempt-Exempt-Exempt) means your investment is deductible under Section 80C, the interest accrued during the investment cycle is tax-exempt, and the final maturity payout is 100% tax-free. PPF falls under this premium category.
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ELSS vs PPF vs NPS: The Definitive 80C Comparison for 2025
Every February, millions of Indian employees scramble to invest in 80C instruments before March 31st. Most end up defaulting to LIC policies, PPF top-ups, or 5-year FDs — not because they're best, but because they're familiar. This comparison is designed to change that habit.
ELSS (Equity Linked Saving Scheme): 3-year lock-in (shortest of all 80C options), equity returns historically 12–15% p.a., LTCG taxed at 12.5% above ₹1.25 lakh. Best for: Investors with 7+ year horizon who can tolerate equity volatility.
PPF (Public Provident Fund): 15-year lock-in, 7.1% (current, declared quarterly), fully EEE tax status — no tax at any stage. Best for: Risk-averse investors, conservative debt allocation, EEE tax efficiency.
NPS: Additional ₹50,000 deduction under 80CCD(1B), equity + debt mix, partially taxed on maturity (40% must annuitise). Best for: Retirement-focused investors who want an additional tax deduction above 80C.
The winner depends on your age, risk tolerance, and tax bracket. A 25-year-old should heavily favour ELSS for equity compounding. A 50-year-old should favour PPF/NPS for capital protection and tax efficiency. Run this comparison with your specific situation to find the best allocation.
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